CBSE Class XI Accountancy
Complete Syllabus 2025-26 | Subject Code: 055
Course Overview
Theory Paper
80
Marks
Project Work
20
Marks
Duration
3
Hours
Total Parts
3
Parts
Learning Objectives
- Understand fundamental concepts and terminology of accounting
- Learn the theory base of accounting including basic concepts and assumptions
- Master the complete accounting process from transaction recording to final accounts
- Develop skills in maintaining books of accounts and subsidiary books
- Learn depreciation methods, provisions, and reserves accounting
- Prepare trial balance and rectify accounting errors systematically
- Create financial statements for sole proprietorship businesses
- Handle adjustments in preparation of trading and profit & loss accounts
- Understand incomplete records and methods to ascertain profit/loss
- Apply GST concepts in basic accounting transactions
- Develop practical skills through project work and real-world applications
- Build foundation for advanced accounting studies in Class XII
Part-wise Marks Distribution
| Part | Section Name | Marks | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| A | Financial Accounting - I | 56 | 70% |
| B | Financial Accounting - II | 24 | 30% |
| C | Project Work / Practical Work | 20 | 20% |
| Total | 100 | 100% | |
Part A carries maximum weightage (56 marks - 70% of theory)
Part A: Financial Accounting - I (56 Marks)
FOUNDATION SECTION - 70% of Total Theory Marks
| Unit | Topic | Marks | Weightage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Unit 1 | Theoretical Framework | 12 | 15% |
| Unit 2 | Accounting Process | 44 | 55% |
Unit 1: Theoretical Framework (12 Marks)
NCERT Chapters Covered:
- Chapter 1: Introduction to Accounting
- Chapter 2: Theory Base of Accounting
- Related concepts from accounting fundamentals
Introduction to Accounting:
- Concept, meaning, and objectives
- Accounting as source of information
- Advantages and limitations
- Types of accounting information
- Users and their information needs
- Qualitative characteristics
- Role of accounting in business
- Basic Accounting Terms: Business Entity, Transaction, Capital, Drawings
- Asset Classification: Non-Current Assets, Current Assets
- Liability Types: Non-Current Liabilities, Current Liabilities
- Expenditure Categories: Capital Expenditure, Revenue Expenditure
- Income Elements: Revenue, Income, Profit, Gain, Loss
- Trading Terms: Purchase, Sales, Goods, Stock
- Party Relations: Debtor, Creditor, Voucher
- Discount Types: Trade Discount, Cash Discount
- Fundamental Assumptions: GAAP Concept
- Basic Concepts: Business Entity, Money Measurement, Going Concern
- Accounting Principles: Accounting Period, Cost, Dual Aspect
- Recognition Concepts: Revenue Recognition, Matching, Full Disclosure
- Quality Concepts: Consistency, Conservatism, Materiality, Objectivity
- Accounting Systems: Cash Basis vs Accrual Basis
- Standards: Accounting Standards (AS) and Indian Accounting Standards (Ind AS)
- GST Basics: Characteristics and Advantages
Unit 2: Accounting Process (44 Marks)
NCERT Chapters Covered:
- Chapter 3: Recording of Transactions - I
- Chapter 4: Recording of Transactions - II
- Chapter 5: Bank Reconciliation Statement
- Chapter 6: Trial Balance and Rectification of Errors
- Chapter 7: Depreciation, Provisions and Reserves
Recording of Business Transactions:
- Source documents and vouchers preparation
- Accounting equation approach and analysis
- Rules of debit and credit
- Books of original entry (Journal)
Special Purpose Books:
- Cash Book (Simple, Bank Column, Petty Cash Book)
- Purchases Book and Purchases Return Book
- Sales Book and Sales Return Book
- Journal Proper
- Transaction Recording: Trade discount, freight, cartage expenses with GST
- Ledger Operations: Format, posting from journals, balancing accounts
- Bank Reconciliation: Need and preparation methods
- Depreciation Concepts: Meaning, features, need, causes, factors
- Related Terms: Depletion, Amortization
- Depreciation Methods: Straight Line Method (SLM), Written Down Value (WDV)
- Method Comparison: Differences, advantages, recording methods
- Asset Disposal: Treatment and accounting
- Provisions vs Reserves: Meaning and differences
- Reserve Types: Revenue, Capital, General, Specific, Secret
- Trial Balance: Objectives, meaning, preparation (balance method)
- Error Classification: Omission, Commission, Principle, Compensating
- Error Effects: Impact on trial balance
- Error Rectification: Detection methods, suspense account preparation
Part B: Financial Accounting - II (24 Marks)
FINANCIAL STATEMENTS SECTION - 30% of Theory Marks
Unit 3: Financial Statements of Sole Proprietorship (24 Marks)
NCERT Chapters Covered:
- Chapter 8: Financial Statements - I
- Chapter 9: Financial Statements - II
- Chapter 10: Financial Statements of Sole Proprietorship
- Chapter 11: Accounts from Incomplete Records
Financial Statements Fundamentals:
- Meaning, objectives, and importance
- Revenue vs Capital Receipts
- Revenue vs Capital Expenditure
- Deferred Revenue Expenditure
Trading and Profit & Loss Account:
- Gross Profit calculation and analysis
- Operating Profit determination
- Net Profit computation
- Account preparation techniques
- Opening Entries: Opening journal entry preparation
- Balance Sheet: Need, grouping and marshalling of assets/liabilities
- Financial Statement Preparation: Systematic approach and format
- Adjustment Entries: Closing stock, outstanding expenses
- Expense Adjustments: Prepaid expenses, accrued income
- Income Adjustments: Income received in advance
- Asset Adjustments: Depreciation, bad debts
- Provision Adjustments: Provision for doubtful debts
- Discount Provisions: Provision for discount on debtors
- Loss Adjustments: Abnormal loss treatment
- Personal Use: Goods taken for personal use/staff welfare
- Interest Calculations: Interest on capital
- Commission: Manager's commission calculations
- Complete Preparation: Final accounts with all adjustments
- Incomplete Records: Features, reasons, limitations
- Profit Ascertainment: Statement of affairs method (excluding conversion)
Part C: Project Work / Practical Work (20 Marks)
Assessment Structure
Project File / Practical File: 12 marks
Viva Voce: 8 marks
Total: 20 marks
Relevance of Topic
3 marks - Topic selection and curriculum relevance
Knowledge Content
6 marks - Research work and content quality
Presentation
3 marks - Organization and presentation style
Viva Voce
8 marks - Oral examination and understanding
Project Options (Choose Any One)
Option 1: Source Documents & Vouchers
- Collection of various source documents
- Preparation of accounting vouchers
- Recording transactions from vouchers
- Documentation and analysis
- Real business transaction examples
- Proper filing and organization
Option 2: Bank Reconciliation
- Bank statement collection and analysis
- Cash book preparation
- Identification of discrepancies
- Bank reconciliation statement preparation
- Common reconciling items analysis
- Multiple month reconciliation examples
Option 3: Comprehensive Project
- Complete sole proprietorship accounting
- Journal to financial statements preparation
- GST transactions inclusion
- Subsidiary books maintenance
- Trial balance preparation
- Final accounts with adjustments
- Real business case study analysis
Project Guidelines
- Select one specific project option from the three choices provided
- Use real business data and documents wherever possible
- Include GST transactions and calculations as applicable
- Maintain proper documentation and working papers
- Word limit: 2,500-3,000 words (excluding diagrams and annexures)
- Preferably hand-written work for authenticity verification
- Independent, self-directed study approach
- Use recent data from business newspapers, company reports
- Include proper citation and bibliography
- Avoid plagiarism through original analysis and commentary
- Focus on practical application of theoretical concepts
- Include visual aids like charts, graphs where appropriate
Examination Pattern (March 2026)
Question Paper Design
Total Marks: 80 | Duration: 3 Hours
Subject Code: 055
| Question Type | Cognitive Level | Marks | Percentage |
|---|---|---|---|
| Remembering and Understanding | Knowledge & Comprehension | 32 | 40% |
| Applying | Application | 24 | 30% |
| Analysing, Evaluating and Creating | Higher Order Thinking | 24 | 30% |
| Total Theory | 80 | 100% | |
Assessment Features
- Major emphasis on Accounting Process (44 marks - highest individual unit)
- Foundation building through theoretical framework understanding
- Practical application through financial statements preparation
- Journal entries, ledger posting, and subsidiary books maintenance
- Trial balance preparation and error rectification problems
- Depreciation calculations using SLM and WDV methods
- Bank reconciliation statement preparation and analysis
- Financial statements with adjustments for sole proprietorship
- Incomplete records and profit ascertainment through statement of affairs
- Integration of GST concepts in basic transactions
- Case study analysis of accounting concepts and principles
- Problem-solving approach with step-by-step working requirements
Prescribed NCERT Books
Class XI Books (Main Curriculum)
- Financial Accounting - I (NCERT Class XI)
- Accountancy - II (NCERT Class XI)
Language Options
- All NCERT books available in English
- Hindi medium versions also available
- Regional language support as per CBSE guidelines
Additional Resources
- CBSE Sample Papers 2025-26
- Previous Year Question Papers
- CBSE Marking Schemes
- Supplementary Practice Materials
- GST related practice problems
Practice Materials
- Journal entry practice sets
- Ledger posting exercises
- Trial balance preparation worksheets
- Financial statements format templates
- Bank reconciliation practice problems
Key Success Tips
Preparation Strategy
- Master basic accounting concepts and terminology thoroughly
- Focus heavily on Accounting Process (44 marks - highest weightage)
- Practice journal entries for all types of transactions daily
- Learn proper format for all subsidiary books and maintain consistency
- Understand the logic behind debit and credit rules
- Practice ledger posting and balancing techniques regularly
- Master both depreciation methods (SLM and WDV) with calculations
- Practice bank reconciliation statements with various scenarios
- Learn to identify and rectify different types of errors systematically
- Practice financial statements preparation with multiple adjustments
- Understand the difference between incomplete records and complete records
- Include basic GST calculations in transaction recording
- Maintain neat and systematic working in all numerical problems
- Practice previous year papers and sample papers extensively
- Focus on accuracy in calculations and proper accounting format
- Work on time management for 3-hour examination
Career Foundation
Professional Accounting
- Foundation for CA, CMA, CS courses
- Basic bookkeeping skills
- Financial record maintenance
- Audit and compliance understanding
- Tax accounting fundamentals
- Corporate accounting preparation
Business Management
- Small business accounting
- Entrepreneurship financial basics
- Financial planning fundamentals
- Cost control understanding
- Business decision support
- Financial analysis skills
Commerce Stream
- Class XII advanced accounting preparation
- Partnership and company accounts foundation
- Financial statement analysis groundwork
- Commerce graduation readiness
- Business studies integration
- Economics correlation understanding
Digital Skills
- Computerized accounting preparation
- Spreadsheet accounting applications
- Digital financial record keeping
- Online business transaction understanding
- GST compliance basics
- FinTech fundamentals
Important Guidelines
Key Points to Remember
- Accounting Process carries maximum individual unit weightage (44 marks)
- Master the basic accounting equation and dual aspect concept
- All financial statements should follow proper format and presentation
- Depreciation calculations must show clear working and method identification
- Bank reconciliation requires systematic approach and proper identification
- Error rectification should include classification and effect analysis
- Project work requires real business application and original analysis
- GST concepts should be applied in relevant transaction recording
- Maintain consistency in accounting treatment throughout
- Practice numerical problems regularly for accuracy and speed
- Understand the conceptual foundation for advanced accounting
- Focus on practical application rather than just theoretical knowledge
- Time management during examination is crucial for complete paper
- Neat presentation and systematic working earn additional marks
- Build strong foundation for Class XII partnership and company accounting
- Stay updated with basic GST provisions and accounting treatments
Progression to Class XII
Partnership Accounting Preparation
- Strong foundation in basic accounting process
- Understanding of profit sharing and capital accounts
- Adjustment entries and final accounts skills
- Goodwill and asset revaluation concepts
Company Accounting Foundation
- Basic understanding of business entities
- Capital and liability differentiation
- Financial statement preparation skills
- Adjustment and provision concepts
Financial Analysis Skills
- Financial statement interpretation ability
- Ratio calculation mathematical foundation
- Comparative analysis understanding
- Data organization and presentation skills
Computerized Accounting
- Basic accounting process automation understanding
- Spreadsheet application in accounting
- Digital documentation and record keeping
- Technology integration in financial processes